Indonesia

Trade

In 2016, Indonesia had a total export of US$ 144.5 billion and total imports of US$ 135.7 billion. Total trade declined by 6.2 percent.

Indonesias top exports products were generally comprised of consumer goods (40.8 percent), in terms of stages of processing. Intermediate goods were slightly more than a quarter of the total (26.1 percent), while raw materials were almost a quarter (23.1 percent). Capital goods (10 percent) comprised a very small portion. On imports, intermediate goods (33.5 percent) took a relatively larger portion than consumer goods (22.2 percent), while capital goods (30.7 percent) exceeded raw materials (13.4 percent) by more than double.

Large portions of Indonesias exports were accounted from fuels (19.3 percent) and vegetables (16.6 percent). Other export products include machine and electronics (9.4 percent), textiles and clothing (8.2 percent), wood (6.25 percent), plastic or rubber (5.5 percent), metals (5.2 percent), stone and glass (5.0 percent), chemicals (4.8 percent), transportation (4.6 percent), and food products (4.3 percent). Import products, on the other hand, were largely comprised of machine and electronics (26.9 percent), and a much lower fuels (14.2 percent). Other import products include chemicals (10.3 percent), metals (9.8 percent), plastic or rubber (6.4 percent), textiles and clothing (6.0 percent), transportation (5.3 percent), food products (5.2 percent), and vegetable (5.1 percent).

Most of the countrys products were exported to China (11.6 percent), USA (11.2 percent), and Japan (11.1 percent). Singapore (7.8 percent) and India (7.0 percent) were also Indonesias top export destinations. Indonesia, on the other hands, received most products from China (22.7 percent). Singapore (10.7 percent) was only about half of that. Other import partners include Japan (9.6 percent), Thailand (6.4 percent), and USA (5.4 percent).

Service imports and exports, in terms of balance of payment, reached US$ 30.6 billion and US$ 24.2 billion, respectively, Total imports of goods and services was 18.3 percent of the GDP, while total exports was 19.1 percent.

Investment

In 2017, Indonesia FDI inflow experienced a huge increase, recovering from the previous years massive decline, FDI inflows in 2016 was only US$ 3.9 million, a very huge difference from 2015s US$ 16.6 million. In 2017, however, it recovered and even exceeded 2015s very significantly at US$ 23.1 million. FDI stocks, however, slightly declined to US$ 248.5 from 2016s US$ 249.9 million, but still higher than US$ 222.4 in 2015.

Major investors include Singapore (19.5 percent), Japan (17.5 percent), China (16.4 percent), Hong Kong (7.5 percent), and South Korea (5.8 percent). Top investment sectors include metal, machinery and electronic industry (13.7 percent), mining (12.2 percent), electricity, gas and water supply (12.0 percent), chemical and pharmaceutical industry (97 percent), and food industry (8.5 percent).

References:

https://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/en/Country/IDN/Year/LTST/Summary (Retrieved on 26 October 2018).

https://en.portal.santandertrade.com/establish-overseas/indonesia/foreign-investment (Retrieved on 26 October 2018).