Peru

Trade

In 2015, Peru was among the fastest growing economies. In 2016, however, it dropped out from the top ten but remained to be vigorous, driven by its exports and imports and a wealthy natural resources.As of 2016, the countrys exports had recovered from a three-year decline since 2013. From amounting to US$ 33.2 million in 2015, exports recovered to US$ 36.0 million. The country exported a total of 3,298 products to 168 countries. Most of the exported products were minerals (35.0 percent), stone and glass (19.6 percent), vegetable (11.8 percent), metals (8.2 percent), food products (7.4 percent), and fuels (6.4 percent). A relatively small portion of the exports include textiles and clothing (3.4 percent), animal (2.4 percent), and plastic or rubber (1.4 percent).

Imports, on the other hand, continued to fall to US$ 36.2 million in 2016. This discrepancy, however, is not as much as the previous year, when the value dropped to US$ 38.1 million from the 2014s US$ 42.2 million. Imports were composed of 4,148 products from 200 countries. Most of these were machines and electronics (25.3 percent), fuels (11.3 percent), transportation (10.8 percent), chemicals (10.8 percent), metals (7.6 percent), plastic or rubber (6.8 percent), vegetable (5.9 percent), food products (4.9 percent), textiles and clothing (4.6 percent), and miscellaneous (4.3 percent).

In terms of stages of processing, raw materials (47.4 percent) and intermediate goods (35.7 percent) largely comprised the exports. Consumer goods (15.9 percent) followed, while capital goods (1.0 percent) contributed a very small portion. Imports, on the other hand, was largely comprised of consumer goods (34.5 percent), capital goods (30.2 percent), and intermediate goods (25.1 percent), while raw materials (10.3 percent) had a relatively small contribution.

China and the United States were the largest trade partners of Peru, in terms of both export destinations and import sources, contributing to 23.5 percent and 17.3 percent, respectively, in exports, and 22.8 percent and 19.6 percent, respectively, in imports. Switzerland (7.1 percent), Canada (4.7 percent), and Republic of Korea (3.9 percent) were among the top destinations, while Brazil (5.9 percent), Mexico (4.6 percent), and also Republic of Korea (3.4 percent) were among the top sources of imports.

Investment

Perus FDI inward flow seemed to stabilize after its huge drop, from US$ 8.3 billion in 2015 to US$ 6.9 billion in 2016 and US$ 6.8 billion in 2017. FDI stock continued to increase at US$ 98.2 billion (47.4 percent of GDP) as of 2017.

Spain was the largest foreign investor in the country, followed by the rest of EU, the US and the Great Britain, China, Brazil and the Netherlands.

The most invested sectors include mining, communications, industry, finances and energy.

References:

http://www.newperuvian.com/major-imports-exports-of-peru/ (Accesses on 20 October 2018)

https://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/en/Country/PER/Year/LTST/Summary (Accesses on 20 October 2018)

https://en.portal.santandertrade.com/establish-overseas/peru/investing (Accesses on 20 October 2018)